The energy potential of crop residue biomass

Abstract

Crop residues represent an abundant and underutilized source of renewable energy, offering a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. This study assessed the physicochemical properties and bioenergy potential of post-harvest residues from Helianthus annuus, Zea mays, Sorghum sp., Fagopyrum esculentum, Silybum marianum and Rumex patientia × Rumex tianschanicus, to evaluate their suitability for biogas/biomethane, bioethanol, and solid biofuel production. The residues contained 32-89 g/kg crude protein, 69-112 g/kg acid detergent lignin, 348-507 g/kg cellulose, and 208-292 g/kg hemicellulose. Biochemical biomethane potential ranged from 213 to 287 L/kg of dry organic matter, while theoretical ethanol yields reached 404-562 L/t. Net calorific values were 15.33-16.97 MJ/kg, demonstrating substantial energy content. These results highlight the versatility of crop residues as a renewable energy feedstock and support their strategic utilization for sustainable bioenergy production in the Republic of Moldova.