Advantages of cryoconservation of sperm in reproductive biotechnology

Abstract

In scientific research, the main attention in this field has been paid to the improvement of biotechnologies and freezing-thawing regimes of semen in animal species of agricultural interest. The scientific interest consists in the use of antioxidants, cryoprotectants in optimal concentrations and minimizing the freezing-thawing time, which are some of the essential requirements in maintaining the structure and function of sperm during cryopreservation. The latter are very vulnerable in the freezing and thawing process, because the reproductive cells are very sensitive to thermal changes and their viability is compromised after thawing. Currently, neither the major achievements of scientific research on the synthesis of synthetic media and freezing protocols, the properties of the researched antioxidants, elucidating how low temperatures cause damage to sperm and a number of other factors do not fully solve the problem of sperm quality.