Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using the sulfated polysaccharides from arthrospira platensis biomass

Abstract

Arthrospira platensis (spirulina) is known for its high biological activity, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties. In recent years, spirulina polysaccharides have been actively researched in fields such as tissue engineering, targeted drug delivery, and wound healing. These substances also possess a high reducing capacity, making them suitable matrices for the biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles from metal ions. For instance, silver, known for its antimicrobial properties, can be biosynthesized as AgNPs on polysaccharide matrices derived from Spirulina biomass, potentially combining the effects of the nanoparticles and the matrix for developing wound coverings. In this study, sulfated polysaccharides were extracted from Spirulina biomass grown under controlled conditions to stimulate carbohydrate accumulation. AgNPs biosynthesis was carried out using polysaccharides solubilized in deionized water at 10 mg/ml and AgNO3, under different process parameters. The nanoparticles obtained were tested for antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and antifungal properties against Candida albicans. The AgNPs demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity, with MIC and MBC values varying based on the species. These results indicate that AgNPs biosynthesized on spirulina sulfated polysaccharide matrices possess antimicrobial properties, making them promising for developing wound dressing materials.