Yield performance and genotype × ploidy interactions in diploid and tetraploid maize lines

Abstract

Maize (Zea mays L.) remains one of the most important cereal crops worldwide, serving as a key component in food, feed, and industrial systems. Among its many agronomic traits, yield is the main criterion determining the success of a genotype under diverse environmental and genetic contexts. In this study, a polyfactorial experimental approach was employed to evaluate the yield performance of diploid and tetraploid maize lines, with the objective of understanding the extent to which genotype, ploidy level, and environmental conditions contribute to variation in productivity.