New training systems for high-density cherry plantations

Abstract

This research evaluated vegetative growth, yield and fruit quality of different cherry varieties using different crown-forming systems and planting densities. The experimental orchards were established in the central (2015) and northern (2018) areas of the Republic of Moldova, using Black Star, Regina, Summit and Sweet Sharetta varieties, grafted on Gisela 6 rootstock. For each variety- rootstock combination and training system, varying densities were established, ranging from 1250 trees/ha (for thin-stem, cup, Kym Green Bush) to 2500 trees/ha (for thin-stem, improved thin-stem, structured vertical axis). Black Star, grown under the thin-stem system, obtained the highest yields between 9.39 and 10.92 t/ha at the age of 7-10 years, significantly exceeding the values obtained for the crowns cup (8.11-9.67 t/ha) and Kym Green Bush (7.65-8.22 t/ha). For varieties Regina, Summit and Sweet Sharetta planted at 4x1 m spacing, the improved thin spindle crown shape had a modest impact on productivity, but provided important benefits on fruit size uniformity along the entire length of the axis.