Abstract:
Background: Type 1 diabetes is a multisystem disease with both biochemical and anatomical
consequences. It is a chronic disease of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism caused by the lack of
insulin, resulting in marked and progressive inability of the pancreas to secrete it because of the autoimmune
destruction of beta cells. Diabetes is a widespread disease in the world, reaching a population of 371 million in
2012, of which 5-15% are type I diabetics, most of them children and young people. Cell therapy is a new
direction in the treatment of this type of diabetes.
Materials and Methods: This experimental study tried using umbilical stem cells and pancreatic cells for
the treatment of alloxan induced diabetes in rats. The research was conducted in the Laboratory of Tissue
Engineering and Cellular Culture at the State University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Nicolae Testemitanu".
The method of extraction of the pancreatic beta cells was developed, then the pancreatic cells were grown,
and their ability to produce insulin was rated. The cryopreserved umbilical cells had a viability, which was
91.2 ± 1.8%. The suspension of pancreatic cells and umbilical cells was inoculated intraperitonealy in rats
with alloxanic diabetes.
Results: It was determined that the in vivo inoculation of umbilical cord blood stem cells and allogeneic
pancreatic beta cells normalizes the glucose level in animals with experimental induced type I diabetes, and
the animals treated with pancreatic cells had lower blood glucose levels than those treated with umbilical
cord blood cells..