Study of antimicrobial activity of fungal strains from the genera Penicillium and Trichoderma against certain phytopathogens

Abstract

Fungi represent an essential source of bioactive compounds used in combating antimicrobial resistance, due to their ability to produce antibiotics and secondary metabolites with strong activity against pathogenic agents. In the face of growing drug resistance, the exploration of fungi from diverse environments, including extreme ones, is crucial for the discovery of new effective antimicrobial substances. In agriculture, fungi play an important role both in plant protection through the production of antifungal and antibacterial compounds and in improving soil fertility and stimulating crop growth. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of fungal strains against phytopathogens in order to support sustainable plant protection strategies and reduce the use of chemical pesticides.