The development of the green economy in the Republic of Moldova

Abstract

The main purpose is to analyze the situation of the Republic of Moldova according to the level of greenhouse gas emissions, which has increased in the last 20 years since 2000 by 24,6% and to examine the development of the green economy as a solution to reduce pollution and conserve natural resources. In the context of global climate changes and the need to reduce the negative impact on the environment, the Republic of Moldova is taking important steps in the transition to a green economy. The country has made international commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, being part of many international programs, such as: "The Paris Agreement", "Greening the economy in the Eastern Neighborhood Program", "EU4Environment", "The European Green Pact", "Green Industry Platform". Also, the Republic of Moldova implements national programs, like "European Moldova 2030" and "Green Economy Promotion Program" aimed to promote energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy sources. A key area of this transition is the development of solar energy infrastructure with a focus on expanding the use of photovoltaic panels. Compared to 2022, in 2023, the number of photovoltaic panels increased by 300%. In 2021, the energy produced for electricity from photovoltaic panels was 0%. However, in 2023 the energy from photovoltaic panels reached 4%. The Republic of Moldova is trying to do everything possible to improve and develop the green economy. She wants to keep the global temperature increase below 2°C compared to pre-industrial levels, continuing the actions taken to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C, to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 compared to 1990 levels and achieving climate neutrality by 2050 and to accelerate the transition to a non-toxic circular economy. As a country is pursuing the goal of reducing pollution to zero, as well as noise pollution, protecting the health and prosperity of people, animals and ecosystems from environmental risks and negative impacts.