Cercetările impactului parazitar helmintologic și vectorial la cultura de măr provocat de nematofauna invazivă din ordinele Thylenchida și Dorylaimida

Abstract

According to the results of conducted investigation, has been established that abundance of nematodes in the Northern part of the Republic of Moldova have a value from 420 to 1170 specimens per 100 g of sampled soil. In the Central & South-East part of the country, the values varied comparative to northern part, ranging from 350 to 1290 specimens per 100 g of soil, due to temperature variations and humidity. Altogether 33 species of free living and plant parasitic nematodes from fruit trees crops were revealed. The most frequent proved to be species from orders Thylenchida and Dorylaimida, genera Pratylenchus, Rotylenchus, Ditylenchus, Criconemoides, Xiphnema and longidorus. Also three species Xiphinema index. X. brevicole, X. vuitennezi and Longidorus elongates, were identified as vectors of viruses patogens. According to trophic specialization were established 5 groups of nematodes, the most abundant being the group of plant parasitic nematodes (15 species), which seriously affect absorbing bristles followed by specialized endo-ecto-parasitic adaptations and vectors of viruses patogenes. These investigations present a major significance for developing metological management programs in apple orchards.