Cercetări comparative asupra nematodelor parazite și vectori de virusuri patogene în livezile intensive de măr din diferite zone ale Republicii Moldova

Abstract

The comparative result of phytosanitary research carried out in apple production orchards, of classic-intensive superintensive type, capitalized in the production associations from various areas: North, Center, South, South-East, 12 districts, 14production associations on areas of over 800 ha, where over 200 soil and organ samples affected by helminthology and virosis were collected, subsequently analyzed, with the establishment of parasitic and virotic impact, numerical density values and disease level, virus diversity. Was established an abundance of numerical numbers from 20 to 120 individuals per 100 g/soil and young roots collected from classical orchards, compared to intensive orchards. There was identificated a diversity of 15 species of invasive nematodes and vectors of 7 pathogenic viruses that cause more than 5 viral diseases, such as: types of ring mosaic, motley, nerve chlorosis, short knotting of shoots, twisting and embossing of leaves. The estimated nematode complexes belong to the orders Tylenchida and Dorylaimida with parasitic and vector specialization adapted in orchards soils, reproduction nurseries of planting material, cultivated in the conditions of the Republic of Moldova.