Unele particularități cu referire la parazitofauna speciilor de importanţă cinegetică din rezervaţia naturală „Codrii”, Republica Moldova

Abstract

The paper presents fundamental research on establishing the composition of the parasitic fauna in game species from the”Codrii” Natural Reserve, Republic of Moldova. The study of parasitic diversity in cervids allows us to conclude the presence of parasite species from the Trematoda class: 3 species (Dicrocoelium lanceolatum (Stiles & Hassal, 1896), Fasciola hepatica (Linnaeus, 1758), Paramphistomum cervi (Zeder, 1790), P. explanatum (Zeder, 1790)); from the Secernentea class: 2 species (Strongyloides papillosus (Wedl, 1856), S. stercoralis (Bavay, 1876)); and from the Conoidosida class: 5 species (Eimeria asymmetrica (Supperer & Kutzer, 1961), E. austriaca (Supperer & Kutzer, 1961), E. capreoli (Galli-Valerio, 1927), E. ponderosa (Wetzel, 1942), E. bovis (Züblin, 1908)). The taxonomic structure of the parasitic fauna in wild boars consists of various parasitic agents: from the Trematoda class: 2 species (F. hepatica, D. lanceolatum); from the Secernentea class: 7 species (Trichocephalus suis (Schrank, 1788), Strongyloides ransomi (Wedl, 1856), Metastrongylus elongatus (Dujardin, 1845), Oesophagostomum dentatum (Raillet, 1905), Ascaris suum (Goeze, 1782), Hyostrongylus rubidus (Hassall & Stiles, 1892), Globocephalus urosubulatus (Alessandrini, 1909)); from the Acanthocephala class: 1 species (Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus (Travassos, 1916)); and from the Conoidosida class: 1 species (Eimeria debliecki (Douwes, 1921)). The results of parasitological research conducted on field rabbits and pheasants confirm a high level of infestation with various dangerous parasitic agents for both domestic animals and humans, indicating that the biological phenomenon of polyparasitism is of a permanent nature, although the structure of polyparasitism is in continuous quantitative and qualitative dynamics. The cause is the direct contact between wild and domestic animals, irregular deworming of domestic animals and their shelters, and the limited area of space for growth and maintenance, which ensures a permanent contact with the source of infestation.