Modelarea sistemului de markeri în ameliorarea porumbului. Partea 2. Posibilităţile de marcare prin compoziţia biochimică a bobului şi prin formele moleculare de zeină

Abstract

The paper reflects the second part of the research related to the experimental analysis of the possibilities of using in Zea mays L. of some genetic models with a genome with the pronounced expression of the marker systems at the morphological, biochemical and molecular levels, focusing on biochemicals markers from the group of metabolites responsible for grain quality and protein markers of zeins (PMZ) in maize. It was found that the use of PMZ based on computerized automation of 44 electrophoretic data processing is the most sensitive marking level (among the levels studied) and makes it possible to identify both the eliminatory and enriching effect of the genes of the maize endosperm structure. To increase the efficiency of selection for maize quality, the authors recommend, in parallel with the use of morphological markers (according to UPOV requirements), to use protein markers that increase methodological accuracy and save experimental time for evaluating and selecting the initial breeding material.