Some urgent problems of electrophysical properties of bismuth and its alloys

Abstract

Last years bismuth and its alloys attract great attention of a wide circle of researchers. This is determined first of all by the fact that in low dimensional structures based on bismuth one can expect significant increasing of thermoelectric efficiency Z in the low temperature region. Construction of these systems, if it is realizable, would considerably increase possibilities of cryogenic electronics, especially the one based on high temperature superconductors. For this purpose it is necessary to solve a number of complicated technological, applied and fundamental scientific problems, this implying significant extension of spectrum of scientific researches. The main aim of the present report is to draw attention to a number of the most important problems standing in the way of increasing of applied parameters of bismuth based structures.