Productivity of the winter durum wheat in polyfactorial experiences

Abstract

The aim of this research was to assess the influence of some technological elements upon productivity and quality of winter durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum), during of four agricultural years (2010-2014). Climate conditions were very different in the years of experiments. Two varieties of winter durum wheat were studied in most of the years. There were three sowing terms and three densities sown on two previous plants in this field experiment. There were recorded the data: the average yield, TKW, Hardness index and gluten content. In the conditions of the years relatively favourable after humidity, with long and warm autumn and in the years less favourable with insufficient wetting of seedbed, the maximum average yield of winter durum wheat reached 3275-4900 kg/ha by sowing from the optimal - acceptable terms until the late term with the sowing density of 4-6 m seeds/ha. In the conditions of an unfavourable year with extreme drought conditions associated with heat during the growing period, the maximum average yield of winter durum wheat was of 746-1157 kg/ha by sowing in the late term of sowing at the density of 5-6 m seeds/ha. The quality of grains (the hardness index, gluten content, and other indices) as a rule is inversely proportional to the level of average production.